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Pregnancy begins with a fertilized egg. Generally, the fertilized egg is tied to the lining of the uterus. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main uterine cavity.
On the other side, an ectopic pregnancy most often occurs in the fallopian tubes, which carry the egg from the ovary to the uterus. This way of ectopic pregnancy is named tubal pregnancy. Sometimes, an ectopic pregnancy occurs in other parts of the body, such as the ovaries, abdominal cavity, or the lower part of the uterus (cervix) that connects to the vagina.
Moreover, ectopic pregnancy does not work normally. Fertilized eggs do not survive, and if left untreated, the growing tissue can cause life-threatening bleeding.
You may not notice any symptoms at first. However, some women with an ectopic pregnancy show the usual signs or symptoms of early pregnancy, absence of a period, breast tenderness, and nausea.
Notably, if you take a pregnancy test, the result will be positive. However, an ectopic pregnancy cannot proceed as usual.
Signs and symptoms become more pronounced as the fertilized egg grows in an inappropriate place.
The first warning signs of an ectopic pregnancy are usually mild vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain.
If blood leaks from the fallopian tubes, you may experience shoulder pain or the urge to have a bowel movement. Your symptoms depend on where the blood pools and which nerves are irritated.
If the fertilized egg continues to grow in the fallopian tube, it may rupture. Severe intra-abdominal bleeding is possible. Symptoms of this life-threatening event include severe dizziness, fainting, and shock.
Get emergency medical help if you have any signs or symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy, including:
A tubal pregnancy, the most common type of ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg is on its way to attaching to the uterus, usually because the fallopian tube is damaged by inflammation or malformation. However, hormonal imbalances or abnormal growth of the fertilized egg may also play a part.
Some factors that increase the likelihood of an ectopic pregnancy are:
If you've had this type of pregnancy before, you're more likely to have another type of pregnancy.
Sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, can cause inflammation of the fallopian tubes and other nearby organs and increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
Some studies suggest that women who have undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF) or similar treatments are more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy. Infertility itself may increase your risk.
Surgery to correct blocked or damaged fallopian tubes increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
Pregnancy is rare while using an IUD. However, if you carry an IUD, you are more likely to have an ectopic position. Furthermore, tubal ligation is a permanent method of birth control known as a "tube tie" that also increases your chances of getting ectopic pregnancy after this procedure in some cases.
Additionally, an ectopic pregnancy can generate the fallopian tubes to rupture. A ruptured tube can cause life-threatening bleeding if left untreated.
Importantly, smoking before pregnancy raises the risk of ectopic pregnancy. However, the more you smoke, the higher the risk.
There is no way to prevent an ectopic pregnancy, but here are some ways to reduce your risk:
Limiting the number of sexual partners and using condoms during sex can help prevent STIs and can reduce the risk of PID.
Do not smoke, and if you smoke, stop smoking before trying to conceive.
Treatment of an ectopic pregnancy usually involves medication or surgery. With years of experience in Gynae, we say that rare ectopic pregnancy, especially if diagnosed early and with no signs of rupture, may resolve on their own. However, this is not a recommended treatment option due to the risk of internal bleeding.
Methotrexate is commonly used to treat ectopic pregnancies. The drug suppresses the growth of cells, effectively ending the pregnancy. The cells are then naturally absorbed by the body over four to six weeks.
However, the more premature an ectopic pregnancy is analyzed, the better the possibility that methotrexate will work. But as every ectopic pregnancy is different, this medicine isn't a permanent solution.
But it is always better to consult the best gynecologist in Lahore that can help you in the best way possible.
If the ectopic pregnancy has caused the fallopian tube to rupture, emergency surgery is required. Moreover, surgery may also be advised in some cases where the tube has not yet ruptured.
Surgery better to be done through laparoscopy. It is a minimally invasive procedure that involves a small incision in the abdomen and the insertion of a small camera. Laparoscopic surgery have much more chance to preserve the tubes and avoidance od adhesions around the tubes and ovaries. Patients will not face problems to get future pregnancy as compared to surgery with incision on abdomen.
Depending on how long the ectopic pregnancy is, one of two things can happen:
It is also common to feel the need to seek support or therapy to overcome complex emotions.
rare type of ectopic pregnancy in which pregnancy rest on previous cesarean scar. We are offering removal of scar ectopic pregnancy by inserting telescope through vagina with out any incision instead of opening the abdomen and uterus. Patient will go home back after few hours and it is called hysteroscopic removal of scar ectopic pregnancy